ORAL ALTERATIONS FROM CHEMOTHERAPY IN YOUN CHILDHOOD PATIENTS WITH ACUTE LYMPHOID LEUKEMIA: A LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25194/rebrasf.v9i2.1447Keywords:
Pediatric Dentistry, Oral diagnosis, Chemotherapy, Acute lymphoid leukemiaAbstract
Introduction: Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (ALL) is a common malignancy in childhood, with representativeness close to 80% among leukemias and it is an increase in the number of immature lymphoid cells in hematopoietic organs. Chemotherapy is the therapeutic method of first choice, which makes patients susceptible to complications in the oral cavity. Objective: To conduct a literature review on oral changes secondary to chemotherapy treatment in pediatric patients with ALL, the respective treatments and the importance of inserting the Dental Surgeon as a member of the multidisciplinary team. Materials and Methods: This is a narrative review of literature, with searches in the following databases: Pubmed, SciELO and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria were: articles published between 2000 and 2020, written in English, Portuguese and Spanish, that addressed the proposed theme. A total of 70 publications were selected. Results: Among the oral health problems resulting from chemotherapy, oral mucositis, which comprises painful inflammatory lesions, is in greater evidence. Additionally, xerostomia, dysphagia, dysgeusia and opportunistic infections are frequently present in these patients. Such changes may or may not occur in association, causing systemic complications that directly affect the time and intensity of treatment, in addition to increased costs and decreased survival of these patients. Final considerations: Given the above, it is important that the Dental Surgeon be part of the multidisciplinary care team for oncopediatric patients, aiming to minimize the impact of these manifestations before, during and after antineoplastic therapy, with the aim of improving the quality of life of these patients.
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