MANIFESTAÇÕES OROFACIAIS E PROTOCOLOS DE TRATAMENTO ODONTOLÓGICO EM PACIENTES FALCÊMICOS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25194/rebrasf.v9i1.1386Palavras-chave:
Doença falciforme, Manifestações orofaciais, Tratamento odontológicoResumo
Introdução: A doença falciforme (DF) é definida como uma hemoglobinopatia autossômica recessiva e hereditária, causada pela mutação genética da hemoglobina S (HbS). As células apresentam-se alongadas e com formato de foice, o que ocasiona a obstrução dos vasos sanguíneos e danos progressivos ao organismo. Indivíduos falcêmicos apresentam complicações sistêmicas e orofaciais que geram impacto em sua qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Realizar um levantamento de dados na literatura científica acerca das principais manifestações orofaciais em indivíduos falcêmicos, e observar se já existem protocolos específicos de atendimento odontológico para esses pacientes. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura narrativa com busca de artigos científicos publicados nas bases de dados Cochrane, LILACS, Pubmed e Scielo, através do cruzamento dos descritores em inglês: “sickle cell disease”, “oral manifestations”, “oral treatment”, utilizando os operadores booleanos AND e OR. Resultados: A cavidade oral pode sofrer complicações decorrentes da DF e achados bucais como necrose pulpar, palidez da mucosa oral, atrofia das papilas linguais, dor orofacial e alterações ósseas, são comumente encontrados em indivíduos falcêmicos. Os tratamentos propostos incluem o planejamento odontológico individual frente a prática clínica, cuidados com a higiene oral, antibioticoterapia e intervenção cirúrgica. Os procedimentos devem ser realizados em períodos onde o paciente encontra-se com ausência de crises agudas. Conclusão: Frente às manifestações orofaciais, torna-se relevante a presença do cirurgião-dentista na equipe multidisciplinar no tratamento ao paciente falcêmico, com intuito de estabelecer protocolos de tratamento odontológico a fim de minimizar a sintomatologia decorrente da doença e melhorar a qualidade de vida.
Palavras-chave: Doença falciforme. Manifestações orofaciais. Tratamento odontológico.
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